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Why people wanted
a treaty
Treaty Resource Centre
He Puna Matauranga o Te Tiriti
  People wanted a treaty because of the negative aspects of contact between Europeans and tangata whenua before 1840. This table describes the positive and negative aspects of contact for each group.
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Why people wanted a treaty

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  For tangata whenua
  Positive Negative
Traders

• New goods, such as axes*
• The concept of capitalism

• Lawlessness
• New diseases

Missionaries • Aspects of Christianity
• Literacy
• Trust
• Some culture clash
• Some land troubles
Settlers • New agricultural tools, methods, crops and livestock
• "Translators" of European ideas
• Major culture clash
• Serious land disputes, including fraud and misunderstandings

  For Europeans
  Positive Negative
Traders • New markets • Risky to some so far
• Culture clash
Missionaries • New converts • In the minority culture
• Culture clash
• Some risks
Settlers • More land • Culture clash
• Serious land disputes
• Being in the minority

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Many tangata whenua and Europeans wanted to maintain and develop their relationship because it was positive for them. Unfortunately, as contact increased, the negative aspects were becoming intolerable.

Those who supported the Treaty hoped that it would establish a context in which both groups could retain the positive aspects of their relationship, while bringing the negative ones under control.

It was generally recognised that it was European behaviour which had to be regulated. Lord Normany of the British Colonial Office gave a memo to Captain Hobson about the importance of succeeding with the Treaty; otherwise, Normany said, the behaviour of Europeans is going to get them killed.

* Whether guns should be included as a positive or negative depends on the point of view. They were an asset for tangata whenua who had managed to get them, but disastrous for those who hadn't and were thereby vulnerable to enemies who did.

Developed by Christine Herzog, Te Tari Matauranga Maori, Manukau Institute of Technology, 1997.

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